3,471 research outputs found
Winnerless competition in coupled Lotka-Volterra maps
Winnerless competition is analyzed in coupled maps with discrete temporal evolution of the Lotka-Volterra type of arbitrary dimension. Necessary and sufficient conditions for the appearance of structurally stable heteroclinic cycles as a function of the model parameters are deduced. It is shown that under such conditions winnerless competition dynamics is fully exhibited. Based on these conditions different cases characterizing low, intermediate, and high dimensions are therefore computationally recreated. An analytical expression for the residence times valid in the N-dimensional case is deduced and successfully compared with the simulations.J.L.C. and E.D.G. acknowledge support from IVIC-141, L.A.G.-D. acknowledges support from IVIC-1089 and P.V. acknowledges support from MINECO TIN2012-30883
Gating-induced large aqueous volumetric remodeling and aspartate tolerance in the voltage sensor domain of Shaker K+ channels
Indexación: Scopus.ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. We thank Chris Lingle and Yu Zhou (Washington University) for critical reading of the manuscript and Victoria Prado for Xenopus care and oocyte preparation. We also thank Millennium Scientific Initiative P029-022-F. This work was supported by Fondecyt Postdoctoral Grants 3170599 (to I.D.-F.) and 3160321 (to H.M.).Neurons encode electrical signals with critically tuned voltage-gated ion channels and enzymes. Dedicated voltage sensor domains (VSDs) in these membrane proteins activate coordinately with an unresolved structural change. Such change conveys the transmembrane translocation of four positively charged arginine side chains, the voltage-sensing residues (VSRs; R1–R4). Countercharges and lipid phosphohead groups likely stabilize these VSRs within the low-dielectric core of the protein. However, the role of hydration, a sign-independent charge stabilizer, remains unclear. We replaced all VSRs and their neighboring residues with negatively charged aspartates in a voltage-gated potassium channel. The ensuing mild functional effects indicate that hydration is also important in VSR stabilization. The voltage dependency of the VSR aspartate variants approached the expected arithmetic summation of charges at VSR positions, as if negative and positive side chains faced similar pathways. In contrast, aspartates introduced between R2 and R3 did not affect voltage dependence as if the side chains moved outside the electric field or together with it, undergoing a large displacement and volumetric remodeling. Accordingly, VSR performed osmotic work at both internal and external aqueous interfaces. Individual VSR contributions to volumetric works approached arithmetical additivity but were largely dissimilar. While R1 and R4 displaced small volumes, R2 and R3 volumetric works were massive and vectorially opposed, favoring large aqueous remodeling during VSD activation. These diverse volumetric works are, at least for R2 and R3, not compatible with VSR translocation across a unique stationary charge transfer center. Instead, VSRs may follow separated pathways across a fluctuating low-dielectric septum. © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.https://www.pnas.org/content/115/32/820
Self-similar transmission properties of aperiodic Cantor potentials in gapped graphene
We investigate the transmission properties of quasiperiodic or aperiodic
structures based on graphene arranged according to the Cantor sequence. In
particular, we have found self-similar behaviour in the transmission spectra,
and most importantly, we have calculated the scalability of the spectra. To do
this, we implement and propose scaling rules for each one of the fundamental
parameters: generation number, height of the barriers and length of the system.
With this in mind we have been able to reproduce the reference transmission
spectrum, applying the appropriate scaling rule, by means of the scaled
transmission spectrum. These scaling rules are valid for both normal and
oblique incidence, and as far as we can see the basic ingredients to obtain
self-similar characteristics are: relativistic Dirac electrons, a self-similar
structure and the non-conservation of the pseudo-spin. This constitutes a
reduction of the number of conditions needed to observe self-similarity in
graphene-based structures, see D\'iaz-Guerrero et al. [D. S. D\'iaz-Guerrero,
L. M. Gaggero-Sager, I. Rodr\'iguez-Vargas, and G. G. Naumis,
arXiv:1503.03412v1, 2015]
A dark energy multiverse
We present cosmic solutions corresponding to universes filled with dark and
phantom energy, all having a negative cosmological constant. All such solutions
contain infinite singularities, successively and equally distributed along
time, which can be either big bang/crunchs or big rips singularities.
Classicaly these solutions can be regarded as associated with multiverse
scenarios, being those corresponding to phantom energy that may describe the
current accelerating universe
Investment portfolio trading based on Markov chain and fuzzy logic
In the present paper, a trading strategy is proposed for a portfolio composed of shares in the stock exchange. The proposed strategy is based mainly on three blocks: 1) a K-means clustering algorithm is used to determine and learn the internal hidden patterns in the time series of stock market prices, 2) a pattern predictor is performed based on a simple Markov chain, and 3) a fuzzy inference system take the decision to trade based on the estimation. The fuzzy inference system is composed of the rules provided by an expert trader. The performance of the trading algorithm is validated through simulations using real prices of
the Mexican stock exchange
Solution blow spinning and obtaining submicrometric fibers of different polymers
Thermoplastic polymers with potential biomedical and electrical applications such as polyethyleneoxide, PEO, polyvinylidene fluoride, PVDF, polyethylene-co-vinyl acetate, EVA were prepared bysolution blow spinning, SBS, looking for the best processing conditions to obtain submicrometricfibers with highest homogeneity in terms of morphology. Fabrication was carried out by a commercialairbrush and a home-made automatic SBS device. The aim of this work was to optimize the SBSprocess for each of the polymer systems to get films in the form of mats formed by submicrometricfibers. In particular, the pressure of the ejecting gas, the feed rate of the polymer solution and theworking distance was considered as the final influencing parameters on the materials morphology.SEM was used as the main technique to evaluate the effect of the processing conditions on the finalmorphology. The different morphologies obtained showed a directly dependence of between themand the processing conditions. Gas pressure, feed rate and working distance have a great influencein the fiber production, fiber diameter, and fiber diameter distribution.Authors gratefully acknowledge financial support from the Projects MAT2014-59116-C2 (Ministerio de EconomĂa y Competitividad); 2012/00130/004 (Fondos de InvestigaciĂłn de Fco. Javier González Benito, polĂtica de reinversiĂłn de costes generales, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid) and 2011/00287/002 (AcciĂłn EstratĂ©gica en Materiales Compuestos PolimĂ©ricos e Interfases, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid)
On the warp drive space-time
In this paper the problem of the quantum stability of the two-dimensional
warp drive spacetime moving with an apparent faster than light velocity is
considered. We regard as a maximum extension beyond the event horizon of that
spacetime its embedding in a three-dimensional Minkowskian space with the
topology of the corresponding Misner space. It is obtained that the interior of
the spaceship bubble becomes then a multiply connected nonchronal region with
closed timelike curves and that the most natural vacuum allows quantum
fluctuations which do not induce any divergent behaviour of the re-normalized
stress-energy tensor, even on the event (Cauchy) chronology horizon. In such a
case, the horizon encloses closed timelike curves only at scales close to the
Planck length, so that the warp drive satisfies the Ford's negative energy-time
inequality. Also found is a connection between the superluminal two-dimensional
warp drive space and two-dimensional gravitational kinks. This connection
allows us to generalize the considered Alcubierre metric to a standard,
nonstatic metric which is only describable on two different coordinate patchesComment: 7 pages, minor comment on chronology protection added, RevTex, to
appear in Phys. Rev.
Explicit expressions for state estimation sensitivity analysis in water systems
This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from the publisher via the DOI in this record.The implementation of state estimation techniques to water systems enables the hydraulic state of a given network to be computed at any time. However, errors in both measurements and model parameters can severely affect the quality of the state estimate, thus sensitivity analysis is crucial to assess its performance. The aim of this paper is to provide general explicit expressions for the sensitivities of the objective function and the primal variables of the state estimation problem with respect to both measurements and roughness parameters based on the perturbation of the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) conditions. Additionally, among all the possible applications of sensitivity analysis, two specific forms of such analysis for water systems are presented: identifiability of roughness parameters, and linear state estimate approximation. The merit of these applications is illustrated by means of a case study, which highlights the usefulness of compact sensitivity formulae to further understanding of state estimation solutions
A graceful multiversal link of particle physics to cosmology
In this paper we work out a multiverse scenario whose physical
characteristics enable us to advance the following the conjecture that whereas
the physics of particles and fields is confined to live in the realm of the
whole multiverse formed by finite-time single universes, that for our
observable universe must be confined just in one of the infinite number of
universes of the multiverse when such a universe is consistently referred to an
infinite cosmic time. If this conjecture is adopted then some current
fundamental problems that appear when one tries to make compatible particle
physics and cosmology- such as that for the cosmological constant, the arrow of
time and the existence of a finite proper size of the event horizon- can be
solved.Comment: 10 pages, LaTe
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